TY - JOUR
T1 - A review of the proposed role of neutrophils in rodent amebic liver abscess models
AU - Campos-Rodríguez, Rafael
AU - Gutiérrez-Meza, Manuel
AU - Jarillo-Luna, Rosa Adriana
AU - Drago-Serrano, María Elisa
AU - Abarca-Rojano, Edgar
AU - Ventura-Juárez, Javier
AU - Cárdenas-Jaramillo, Luz María
AU - Pacheco-Yepez, Judith
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 R.Campos-Rodríguez et al. published by EDP Sciences.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Host invasion by Entamoeba histolytica, the pathogenic agent of amebiasis, can lead to the development of amebic liver abscess (ALA). Due to the difficulty of exploring host and amebic factors involved in the pathogenesis of ALA in humans, most studies have been conducted with animal models (e.g., mice, gerbils, and hamsters). Histopathological findings reveal that the chronic phase of ALA in humans corresponds to lytic or liquefactive necrosis, whereas in rodent models there is granulomatous inflammation. However, the use of animal models has provided important information on molecules and mechanisms of the host/parasite interaction. Hence, the present review discusses the possible role of neutrophils in the effector immune response in ALA in rodents. Properly activated neutrophils are probably successful in eliminating amebas through oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms, including neutrophil degranulation, the generation of free radicals (O2-, H2O2, HOCl) and peroxynitrite, the activation of NADPH-oxidase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzymes, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). On the other hand, if amebas are not eliminated in the early stages of infection, they trigger a prolonged and exaggerated inflammatory response that apparently causes ALAs. Genetic differences in animals and humans are likely to be key to a successful host immune response.
AB - Host invasion by Entamoeba histolytica, the pathogenic agent of amebiasis, can lead to the development of amebic liver abscess (ALA). Due to the difficulty of exploring host and amebic factors involved in the pathogenesis of ALA in humans, most studies have been conducted with animal models (e.g., mice, gerbils, and hamsters). Histopathological findings reveal that the chronic phase of ALA in humans corresponds to lytic or liquefactive necrosis, whereas in rodent models there is granulomatous inflammation. However, the use of animal models has provided important information on molecules and mechanisms of the host/parasite interaction. Hence, the present review discusses the possible role of neutrophils in the effector immune response in ALA in rodents. Properly activated neutrophils are probably successful in eliminating amebas through oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms, including neutrophil degranulation, the generation of free radicals (O2-, H2O2, HOCl) and peroxynitrite, the activation of NADPH-oxidase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzymes, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). On the other hand, if amebas are not eliminated in the early stages of infection, they trigger a prolonged and exaggerated inflammatory response that apparently causes ALAs. Genetic differences in animals and humans are likely to be key to a successful host immune response.
KW - Amoebic liver abscess
KW - Neutrophil activation
KW - Neutrophil extracellular traps
KW - Peroxynitrite
KW - Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
KW - Rodents
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84977656203&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1051/parasite/2016006
DO - 10.1051/parasite/2016006
M3 - Artículo de revisión
C2 - 26880421
SN - 1252-607X
VL - 23
JO - Parasite
JF - Parasite
M1 - 23
ER -