Engineering & Materials Science
Thin films
100%
Photoluminescence
82%
Solar cells
61%
Substrates
38%
Raman scattering
30%
Optical properties
30%
Phonons
28%
Temperature
28%
Vapors
25%
Structural properties
24%
Pulsed laser deposition
23%
Spray pyrolysis
22%
Annealing
21%
Glass
20%
Thioureas
19%
Energy gap
18%
Physical properties
18%
Sputtering
18%
Laser ablation
16%
Cadmium
16%
Cadmium sulfide
15%
X ray diffraction
15%
Raman spectroscopy
12%
Crystalline materials
12%
Gallium nitride
12%
Luminescence
12%
Magnetron sputtering
12%
Semiconductor materials
11%
Thin film solar cells
11%
Excitons
11%
Oxide films
11%
Superconducting materials
11%
Heterojunctions
10%
Lasers
10%
Heat treatment
10%
Silicon
9%
Pulsed lasers
9%
Light absorption
9%
Defects
8%
Electric properties
8%
Spectroscopy
8%
Molecular beam epitaxy
8%
Bismuth
7%
Doping (additives)
7%
Optical band gaps
7%
Chemical analysis
7%
Sublimation
7%
Scanning electron microscopy
7%
Photoluminescence spectroscopy
7%
X rays
7%
Chemistry
Liquid Film
51%
Solar Cell
45%
Photoluminescence
34%
Pulsed Laser Deposition
19%
Optical Property
17%
Band Gap
17%
Spray Pyrolysis
15%
Phonon
14%
Annealing
13%
Sputtering
12%
Photoluminescence Spectrum
12%
Glass Substrate
11%
Nitride
11%
Polycrystalline Solid
10%
Thiourea
10%
Ambient Reaction Temperature
10%
Superconductor
9%
Polycrystalline Film
9%
Laser Annealing
9%
Amorphous Material
9%
Cubic Space Group
8%
Laser Ablation
8%
Magnetron Sputtering
7%
X-Ray Diffraction
7%
Luminiscence Type
7%
Glass
7%
Hexagonal Space Group
6%
Surface Recombination
6%
LO Phonon
6%
Electrical Property
6%
Raman Spectrum
6%
Energy
6%
Raman Spectroscopy
6%
Semiconductor
6%
Absorptivity
6%
Voltage
6%
Vacuum
5%
Bound Exciton
5%
Grain Size
5%
Pressure
5%
Molecular Beam Epitaxy
5%
Chemical Passivation
5%
Cadmium Sulfide
5%
Physics & Astronomy
thin films
50%
solar cells
33%
photoluminescence
29%
baths
27%
vapors
17%
physical properties
15%
Raman spectra
14%
characterization
14%
optical properties
14%
sprayers
13%
glass
13%
pyrolysis
13%
pulsed laser deposition
13%
annealing
12%
temperature
12%
phonons
12%
thioureas
10%
sputtering
10%
radio frequencies
8%
cadmium
8%
laser ablation
7%
x rays
7%
diffraction
7%
magnetron sputtering
6%
room temperature
6%
silicon
6%
Raman spectroscopy
6%
gallium nitrides
6%
open circuit voltage
5%
grain size
5%
calcium oxides
5%
synthesis
5%
performance
5%
laser annealing
5%